2014寒假考研词汇语法基础预热（第五天）
作者：科大科院考研网 发表时间：2014-05-03 来源：科大科院考研网
Day 5
核心单词：
definite a.1.明确的，确切的 2.一定的，肯定的
单词记忆：de(表示强调)+fin(限制)+ite(形容词后缀)→限制一个范围→明确的，确切的
mission n. 使命，任务;代表团;布道; vt. 派遣;向……传教
单词记忆：miss(to send 派遣) +ion(名词后缀)→被派遣出去完成任务→使命，任务;代表团
subtle adj. 微妙的;精细的;敏感的;狡猾的;稀薄的
unquestionable adj. 毫无疑问的;确实的;无可挑剔的
单词记忆：un(否定) +question(问题)+able(形容词后缀)→没有问题的→毫无疑问的;确实的;无可挑剔的
sound vt. 听(诊);测量，测…深;使发声;试探;宣告n. 声音，语音;噪音;海峡;吵闹;听力范围;[医] 探条adj. 健全的，健康的;合理的;可靠的;有效彻底的
attendance n. 出席;到场;出席人数
单词记忆：attend(出席) +ance(名词后缀)→出席;到场;出席人数
quarrel vi. 吵架;争论;挑剔;
n. 吵架;怨言;争吵的原因;方头凿
vacant adj. 空虚的;空的;空缺的;空闲的;茫然的
单词记忆：vac(空的) +ant(形容词后缀)→空虚的;空的
distinguished adj. 著名的;卓著的;高贵的
单词记忆：distinguish(区别) +ed(形容词后缀)→区别对待的→著名的;卓著的;高贵的
communication n. 通讯，[通信] 通信;交流
单词记忆：com(一起) +muni(服务，运动)+cation (复合名词后缀)→一起互动，交流→通讯，[通信] 通信;交流
deliver vt. 交付;发表;递送;释放;给予(打击);给…接生;vi. 实现;传送;履行;投递
单词记忆：de(down) +liver(live生命)→使新生命诞生下来→给…接生
accident n.1.意外遭遇，事故 2.意外，意外因素
单词记忆： ac (前缀，加强语气)+cid (发生)+ent (名词后缀) →偶然发生的→意外，事故
discharge vi. 获准离开, 释放n. 1.释放,解雇 2. 排出,发射 3. 卸(货),下(客) 4. 执行; 履行 n.排出，放出，放电
单词记忆： dis(apart离开)+ char (car车，搬运) + ge (age名词或者动词后缀) →准许离开
beneath prep. 在…之下adv. 在下方
单词记忆： be (加强)+ neath (under)→在…之下adv. 在下方
friendship n. 友谊;友爱;友善
单词记忆：friend (朋友)+ ship (抽象状态名词后缀)→友谊;友爱;友善
connection n. 连接;关系;连接件
单词记忆：con (一起)+ nect(next邻近，连接)+ion (名词后缀)→连接;关系
cheerful adj. 快乐的;愉快的;高兴的
单词记忆： cheer (愉快)+ ful(形容词后缀)→快乐的;愉快的;高兴的
miserable adj. 悲惨的;痛苦的;卑鄙的
单词记忆： miser (痛苦)+ able(形容词后缀)→悲惨的;痛苦的
unfortunate adj. 不幸的;令人遗憾的;不成功的
单词记忆：un (否定)+ fortunate(幸运地)→不幸的;令人遗憾的
nourishing adj. 有营养的;滋养多的v. 滋养;养育
单词记忆：nourish (滋养)+ ing(形容词缀)→滋养多的
content vt. 使满足n. 内容，目录;满足;容量adj. 满意的
单词记忆：con (together)+ tent(tain包含)→包含了全书概括的部分→内容，目录
debate vt. 辩论，争论，讨论vi. 辩论，争论，讨论n. 辩论;辩论会
单词记忆：de (down)+ bate(打)→企图在语言上把别人打倒→辩论，争论
inconvenience n. 不便;麻烦vt. 麻烦;打扰
单词记忆：in (否定)+ convenience(方便)→不便
accommodate vt. 容纳;使适应;供应;调解vi. 适应;调解
单词记忆：ac(趋向)+com(共同)+mod(样式，方式)+ate(使动)→使有共同的方式→容纳;使适应
语法知识点：
1. 原因状从：for的用法。由because 引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用并列连词 for 来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是根据多种情况加以推断，就只能用 for 。
例句：He is absent today, because/for he is ill. 他今天没来，因为他生病了。
2. 原因状从：as 的用法。As表示的“原因”是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因。
例句：The Singapore passengers begin to decrease as other airlines spread their operating range.
3. 同位语从句：同位语从句中引导词that在从句中仅起连接作用，不做成分，不能省;
一般疑问性质的同位语从句，用whether，不能用if，whether不做成分，但是有意义 “是否”;特殊疑问性质的，引导词根据从句要表达的意思选择，做成分，有意义。
例句：I want to know the answer to this question who will be our next president. 在这个句子中，who will be our next president做this question的同位语。
4. 原因状从： in that的用法。例句：
例句：Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition.
私营化的优点在于能促进相互竞争。 5. 不定式：不定式做目的状语。不定式可以做目的状语，也可以做结果状语，做目的状语 的情况较多。做目的状语时，表示一种 “愿望、想要…”;
例句：We get up very early to catch the first bus.
练习题 ：
81. When there’s a doubt, the chairman’s decision is ________.
[A] right [B] definite [C] fixed [D] final
82. We can rely on William to carry out this mission, for his judgment is always _______.
[A] unquestionable [B] sound [C] subtle [D] healthy
83. The noise of the plane died ________ in the distance.
[A] away [B] out [C] down [D] off
84. Hospital doctors don’t go out very often as their work ________ all their time.
[A] takes away [B] takes in [C] takes over [D] takes up
85. Attendances at football matches have ________ since the coming of television.
[A] dropped in [B] dropped down [C] dropped off [D] dropped out
86. After the death of their parents, the sisters got well ________ and never quarreled.
[A] away [B] in [C] along [D] out
87. They always give the vacant seats to ________ comes first.
[A] who [B] whom [C] whoever [D] whomever
88. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ________ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.
[A] in that [B] in which [C] in order that [D] in the way
89. He is ________ of an actor.
[A] anybody [B] anyone [C] somebody [D] something
90. The captain apologized ________ to tell us more about the accident.
[A] for to be unable [B] that he was unable
[C] to be unable [D] for being unable
91. ________ is no reason for discharging her.
[A] Because she was a few minutes late [B] Owing to a few minutes being late
[C] The fact that she was a few minutes late [D] Being a few minutes late
92. The skyscraper stands out ________ the blue sky.
[A] in [B] against [C] under [D] beneath
93. They have always been on good ________ with their next-door neighbors.
[A] friendship [B] relations [C] connection [D] terms
94. Hello! Is that 21035? Please put me ________ to the manager.
[A] across [B] up [C] through [D] over
95. Why do you look so ________? You never smile or look cheerful.
[A] miserable [B] unfortunate [C] sorry [D] rude
96. Eggs, though nourishing, have ________ of fat content.
[A] large number [B] a large number [C] the high amount [D] a high amount
97. Jim always ________ his classmates in a debate.
[A] backs out [B] backs away [C] backs up [D] backs down
98. Most of the people who ________ two world wars are strongly against arms race.
[A] have lived out [B] have lived through [C] have lived on [D] have lived off
99. There are many inconveniences that have to be ________ when you are camping.
[A] put up [B] put up with [C] put off(B) [D] put away
100.Is it true that those old houses are being pulled down ________ new office blocks?
[A] to accommodate [B] to provide for [C] to increase [D] to make room for
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