2015考研英语作文临考必看资料（三）：阐述段写作攻略
作者：科大科院考研网 发表时间：2014-12-09 来源：科大科院考研网
在前一篇的考研英语写作复习攻略二里提到了大作文引入段的写作方法，大家不断练习能够写出高水平的第一段，进而给阅卷老师留下深刻的印象。接下来进入第二段意义阐述段的攻略讲解。对于考研作文议论文来说，涉及的主题无非就是重要的或者有害的。
在这一段，第一句提出论点，论点要准确，即话题要趋同不要跑题；论点要清晰，即在首句中要有能够涵盖主题的关键词；论点要精彩，即语言要有亮点，比如采用一些复杂语法像非谓语动词、从句类、介词短语等。第二句可用虚拟语气强调论点，如正面话题，Were there no the Hope Project, those children would never receive the precious knowledge. 可提炼出这样的句式：Were there no sth., sb. would never do sth. 如负面话题，Were the situation to continue, we would pay high price. 第三句就论点展开论述，就如同中文中的论证方法有对比论证、举例论证、引用名言论证等等，下边介绍几种常用方法：
(一)因果法
1.There are many causes/reasons for the dramatic growth/decrease. Firstly,...secondly,...finally,.。.
2. A number of factors can account for the change in.。.
(二)例证法
1. As an example of the power of love, we should remember how the Chinese people of all nationalities respond to the call to help the victims of natural disasters every year. Although their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can — be it money or goods—to help their needy fellow citizens. Moreover, they do this with no thought of gain for themselves。(01年)
2. A case in point is the successful launching of "Shenzhou 7 Spacecraft" which sets china in a high position of aviation and space flight. Although it means a great achievement for us Chinese, we are facing new challenges in the future and need to do further research in space technology. Another illustration is closely related to us, the examinees. If we pass this test and are fortunately admitted by a university, we shall not stop making efforts. Instead, we are confronted with the challenge of conquering the difficult graduate courses. We still have to strive for success in our future academic study, employment and career。(04年)
(三)比较与对比法
The difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. The successful person always make adequate preparations to meet... as they duly arrive. The unsuccessful person, on the other hand, works little and just waits to see them pass by. Obviously, the two different attitudes towards opportunities may lead to quite different consequences。
大家在论证方法上可以多种方法同时采用，比如上文例证法01年的爱心主题例子是在遇到自然灾害的时候，中国人民无私捐献财力物力；04年的例子是神舟七号卫星发射的成功既是机遇又是挑战，另一个例子是如果考上研究生对于大家既是机遇也是挑战。建议大家的一点是在例证法上，要多积累一些时事、时下励志人物等相关的例子，在考试之前准备好，可以找老师帮忙翻译好，在考试时可以信手拈来。各位考生，坚持就是胜利，预祝大家都能取得自己满意的成绩！
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